Literature Review Blog #2

1. Visual: 

Pictured above is the book cover of this source.

2. Citation:
Ottens, Allen J. and Kathy Hotelling. Sexual Violence on Campus: Policies, Programs, and Perspectives. New York: Springer, 2001. Print.

3. Summary:
This book is a reminder that rape, sexual aggression, and violence are serious and constant issues on college campuses today. This volume is proposing different ways in which the violence can be stopped while examining the role of alcohol, club drugs, and even touches on the issues having to do with gay, lesbian, and transgender violence. This source also addresses the rape culture within and fostered by Greek life as well as some sports teams, and has a chapter on feminist approaches to addressing violence against women.

4. Authors:
Allen J. Ottens received his doctorate from the University of Illinois-Urbana. He is an Associate Professor of Counseling at Northern Illinois University. He has worked as a psychologist on college campuses. One of his areas of interest professionally is crisis intervention on college campuses. Kathy Hotelling is board-certified in Counseling Psychology. She received her doctorate from the University of Missouri-Columbia and is now the Director of the Counseling and Student Development Center at Northern Illinois University. She researches women's mental health issue and has published, consulted, and presented extensively on these issues.

5. Key terms:

• Sexual harassment: unwelcome sexual advances, requests for sexual favors, and other verbal or physical conduct of a sexual nature that tends to create a hostile or offensive work environment. (http://legal-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/sexual+harassment)
• Acquaintance rape: Acquaintance assault involves coercive sexual activities that occur against a person's will by means of force, violence, duress, or fear of bodily injury. These sexual activities are imposed upon them by someone they know (a friend, date, acquaintance, etc.). (https://rainn.org/get-information/types-of-sexual-assault/acquaintance-rape)

6. Quotes:

• "Several praiseworthy examples have been gleaned from the guide and are presented below. They illustrate how the entire campus community- faculty, Greeks, athletes, women's groups, and others- can be mobilized to address acquaintance rape. 
• In the Fall of 1990, a number of students at Brown University, frustrated with the lack of effective disciplinary system for sexual assault cases, began writing the names of men on bathroom walls who they claimed had assaulted or sexually harassed them. The rape list gained national attention after students invited the New York Times to send a reporter to the campus. The result was a tremendous controversy and embarrassment for the school's administration" (ix-x).
• "It is possible to understand Nick's motivation to initiate acquaintance rape as the result of an intersection of a multitude of factors. Let's examine several. One factor could have been Nick's appraising the situation in such a way ('she was asking for it') as to minimize his degree of culpability. Another factor could be something within Nick's psychological make-up; that is, once he understood that Amanda had shown him a vulnerable facet of herself, he aggressively worked to take advantage of it. It is also likely that Nick was emboldened by the ease with which he could take advantage of the ambiguity of the social situation that presented itself. Given Nick's personality tendency to exploit opportunities to his own advantage, his motivation to rape was further abetted by myths about women and rape and by the ambiguity of the situation" (3). 
• "'True' prevention, she averred, must target the perpetrators; or, in the case of rape, it means addressing 'men's motivation to rape' (p. 232, italics preserved). It is our contention that significantly impacting the motivation to abuse and rape requires: (a) identifying where in the campus social context windows of opportunity exist for the exploitation of intimates; (b) an understanding of the psychological factors of the perpetrators; and (c) the implementation of interventions that reduce the perpetrators' opportunity to exploit and to get away with it" (3).

Value:

This book source is a good reference to a variety of perspectives concerning rape and how to deal with it and so on. I especially appreciate the touching on acquaintance rape, as this is something that relates directly to the Sulkowicz case I am planning on focusing on. If I choose to continue to include a feminist/gender perspective in my research, this source also touches on and supports that context of sexual violence.